The Role of Socio-Cultural and Economic Factors in Shaping Family Planning Practices among Women in Ibarapa West Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction

Family planning services play a crucial role in improving maternal health, reducing unintended pregnancies, and achieving sustainable development goals. However, accessibility and utilization of these services remain a challenge, particularly in rural areas like Ibarapa North West LGA, Nigeria. Various socio-economic, cultural, and infrastructural barriers hinder effective family planning practices among women of childbearing age.

Objective

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the accessibility and utilization of family planning services among women of childbearing age in Ibarapa North West LGA, with a focus on identifying barriers and utilization patterns.

Method of Analysis

A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 350 women of childbearing age selected through multistage sampling. Descriptive statistics, including frequency counts, percentages, and mean ranking, were used to analyze the data. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 facilitated the data analysis.

Results

The study revealed that 85.7% of respondents had access to free consultations, yet only 61.4% could access sterilization services. Financial capacity (74.3%), educational status (69.4%), and cultural restrictions (48.3%) emerged as significant barriers to family planning utilization. The most preferred contraceptive methods were natural methods (70.1%) and condoms (59.8%), while sterilization and injections were less popular. Despite the availability of family planning services, misconceptions, lack of trained personnel, and cultural beliefs hindered optimal utilization.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address barriers to family planning services, including subsidized costs, improved healthcare infrastructure, and culturally sensitive educational campaigns. Enhanced collaboration between policymakers, healthcare providers, and community leaders is essential to promote the uptake of family planning services and improve maternal and child health outcomes.