Ezekiel U. Umoh (1), Imaikpo U. Umoh (2), Eyong U. Eyong (3)
There may be negative consequence on the clinical outcome of HIV-infected individuals when using combined antiretroviral drugs, a resulting in metabolic complications. This study investigated the effect of first and second line fixed-dose combination (FDC) antiretroviral drugs on hematological indices and oxidative stress markers in Wistar rats. Thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (Raths Novegicus) were divided into seven (7) experimental groups (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2). Group A received normal rat pellet and clean water. Group B1 received 17.14 mg/kgbwt/24h of fixed-dose EFV/3TC/TDF as first line regimen for 15 days, while Group B2 received same regimen for 30 days. Group C1 received 6.43 mg/kgbwt/12h of fixed-dose 3TC/ZDVt3.57 mg/kgbwt/12h of LPV/r as second line regimen for fifteen (15) days, while Group C2 received same regimen for 30 days. Group D1 received first line regime for 30 days then switched to second line regimen for 15 days (a total of 45 days), while Group D2 received first line regime for 30 days, then switched to second line regimen for another 30 days (a total of 60 days). First and second line regimens showed significant change (P<0.05) in markers of oxidative stress except for glutathione (GSH) which showed significant increase (P<0.05) in groups B2, C1, C2 and D1 compared to control. Hematological indices were not significant (P>0.05) in animals treated with both regimens in all the groups when compared with the control. Toxic effect of First and second line FDC antiretroviral drugs was significant on oxidative stress markers but no effect on hematological indices in rats; however repeated dose at long term use may be tolerated.
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