N. N. Parpieva (1), A. A. Adilkhodjaev (2), Z. A. Mo‘minova (3)
The prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis-caused tuberculosis, including both the pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms, is rising annually. The most prevalent type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is lymph node tuberculosis. Even though diagnosis is typically challenging, therapeutic management is nonetheless a problem and a topic of discussion both domestically and internationally. In a few chosen individuals, modern thoracic surgery may now manage tuberculosis and associated consequences with less morbidity and more efficacy than in the past. Importantly, more TB patients may be able to get operative treatment if improved less invasive thoracic surgical techniques reduce the requirements for surgical eligibility. The purpose of this study is to give a general overview of the role that contemporary thoracic surgery can play in the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from tuberculosis and its aftereffects. Treatment for peripheral lymph node tuberculosis (LNT) may result in postoperative complications such as lymphorrhea necessitating additional surgery and wound problems such as infection, cellulitis, and non-healing wounds. Careful wound care, early surgical surgery for specific lesions, careful antibiotic treatment, and handling paradoxical reactions are strategies to eradicate these problems. Although the choice of treatment is influenced by variables such as lesion size, abscess existence, and drug resistance, studies indicate that surgery can reduce the overall length of treatment. An overview of the role that contemporary thoracic surgery can play in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with tuberculosis and its aftereffects is what this article attempts to provide.
1. Tahiri I, Yacoubi R, Elhouari O, Anajar S, Loubna T, Hajjij A, Zalagh M, Snoussi K, Essaadi M, Benariba F. The Role of Surgery in the Treatment of Cervical Lymph Node Tuberculosis. Cureus. 2023 May 10;15(5):e38824. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38824.
2. Shrestha AL, Shrestha P. Peripheral Lymph Node Excisional Biopsy: Yield, Relevance, and Outcomes in a Remote Surgical Setup. Surg Res Pract. 2018 Mar 20;2018:8120390. doi: 10.1155/2018/8120390.
3. Sihoe ADL. 2017. Role of Surgery in the Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculosis. Microbiol Spectr 5:10.1128/microbiolspec.tnmi7-0043-2017. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.tnmi7-0043-2017
4. Cheng, M., Chen, Y. Disseminated lymph node tuberculosis after splenectomy: an unusual case report in an adolescent. BMC Infect Dis 21, 1181 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06859-1
5. Borgers JSW, Tobin RP, Vorwald VM, Smith JM, Davis DM et al. High-dimensional analysis of postsplenectomy peripheral immune cell changes. lmmunoHorizons. 2020;4:82–92.
6. Parpieva N. N, Adilkhodzhaev A. A, Muminova Z. A. Study the Occurrence of Mycobacterium Bovis in Tuberculosis of Peripheral Lymph Nodes and its Effect on the Course of the Disease. Biomed Pharmacol J 2024;17(3). DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/3002
7. Lekhbal A, Chaker K, Halily S, Abada RL, Rouadi S, Roubal M, Mahtar M. Treatment of cervical lymph node tuberculosis: When surgery should be performed? A retrospective cohort study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2020 May 18;55:159-163. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.05.006.
8. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Sharma SK, Mohan A, Kohli M. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021;15:931–948. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1927718.
9. Positron-emission-tomography in tubercular lymphadenopathy: a study on its role in evaluating post-treatment response. Singh A, Tripathi M, Kodan P, et al. Drug Discov Ther. 2021;15:35–38. doi: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03042.
10. STROCSS 2021 guidelines: what is new? Mathew G, Agha R. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021;72:103121. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103121.
11. Tuberculose ganglionnaire dans la province de Fkih Ben Saleh, Maroc. El Fadi K. Rev Malad Respirat Actualit. 2020;12:270–271.
12. Aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de la tuberculose ganglionnaire périphérique prise en charge au niveau de CHU BEO Alger. Benbetka Y, Saadi K, Fissah A. Rev Malad Respirat Actualit. 2021;13:217.
13. Place de la cytoponction à l’aiguille fine dans le diagnostic de la tuberculose ganglionnaire. Aouati S, Sekhri A. Morphologie. 2019;103:74.
14. Relapse of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis immediately after completion of effective anti-tuberculosis treatments. Kimura Y, Shimada M, Kawashima M, Yamane A, Nagai H, Matsui H. Respirol Case Rep. 2020;8:0. doi: 10.1002/rcr2.555.
15. Bennani Kenza, Khattabi Asmae, Akrim Mohammed. Evaluation of the yield of histopathology in the diagnosis of lymph node tuberculosis in Morocco, 2017: cross-sectional study. JMIR Publ. Health Surveill. 2019 Oct 9;5(4) doi: 10.2196/14252.
16. Thakkar K, Ghaisas SM and Singh M (2016) Lymphadenopathy: Differentiation between Tuberculosis and Other Non-Tuberculosis Causes like Follicular Lymphoma. Front. Public Health 4:31. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00031
17. Gopalaswamy R, Dusthackeer VNA, Kannayan S, Subbian S. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis—An Update on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Drug Resistance. Journal of Respiration. 2021; 1(2):141-164. https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1020015
18. Peripheral lymphadenopathy of unknown origin in adults: a diagnostic approach emphasizing the malignancy hypothesis. Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 31 [cited 2025 Sep. 26];154(7):3549. Available from: https://smw.ch/index.php/smw/article/view/3549