Abstract:

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent non-cancerous condition affecting aging men, commonly leading to urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). As men age, hormonal imbalances, particularly the elevation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in prostate tissues, contribute to the enlargement of the prostate. This enlargement causes obstruction of the urethra, resulting in symptoms ranging from difficulty in initiating urination to urinary retention and renal insufficiency. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and diagnostic procedures such as digital rectal examination (DRE), ultrasound, and PSA testing. Treatment options include conservative management with alpha-adrenergic blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, as well as surgical approaches like transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Early intervention can prevent complications, improve symptoms, and enhance the quality of life for patients. This article discusses the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, treatment options, and preventive measures for BPH.