Features of the Prevalence of Dental Diseases and Dental Anomalies in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Abstract

Studies of the dental status of children suffering from cerebral palsy indicate a high prevalence of dental and facial anomalies (88-93%), the causes of which are dysfunction of facial and chewing muscles, language manifested by their stereotypical habitual reactions. As you know, 70% of children with cerebral palsy have oral breathing. In such children, oral respiration exacerbates the violation of the activity of the facial muscles, the circular muscles of the mouth, and the tongue, which is accelerated by the development of dental anomalies (ZFA) with the appearance of a more pronounced clinical picture of these anomalies. Disorders of the myodynamic balance between the buccal, masticatory, temporal and sublingual muscles are characteristic. The myodynamic balance may be disturbed between the circular muscle of the mouth, chin and the muscles of the floor of the oral cavity. In case of impaired respiratory function, the activity of the circular muscle of the mouth increases several times compared to the norm, and its endurance decreases significantly. With speech disorders and speech disorders, children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy have a syndrome of mutual aggravation. As a result of complex clinical, instrumental and functional studies of dental and neurological statuses, data on the frequency, structure of speech disorders and speech disorders in children with various clinical variants of spastic forms of cerebral palsy were obtained.