Features of Treatment of Arterial Hypertension against the Background of Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications, antihypertensive drugsAbstract
The problem of diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to diseases with a steady increase, with a high risk of complications and disability of patients due to the development of complications, early mortality, in many cases from cardiovascular pathology, as well as social problems [1,3,8]. Arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus has a number of features. Firstly, it occurs more often than in people without diabetes. Secondly, the course of the disease is more severe, complications develop more often. Thirdly, with a combination of these diseases, the risk of developing formidable cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke increases significantly. Arterial hypertension occurs in approximately 85% of patients with DM, and the presence of these two diseases aggravates the course of each of them. Therefore, the treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus should be more active. [2,7,11]. It is recommended to maintain blood pressure levels in the presence of damage to target organs such as the kidneys, heart, and eyes below. Recent clinical studies and analyses have demonstrated the priority of combined antihypertensive therapy, which increases the effectiveness of targeted correction of blood pressure and prevention of long-term complications in patients with type 2 diabetes [3,5,10]. Therapy for arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes should include not only drug therapy, but also lifestyle changes: quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, losing weight, and increasing physical activity. In this article, we try to draw attention to the features of the course of hypertension in patients with diabetes, the difference in the mechanisms of these diseases, and analyze modern principles of treatment and therapeutic features of such patients. This is a very important point, which emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to treatment. Pathological mechanisms affecting the patient's health should be considered in their relationship and interaction. Only such an approach will achieve the best results in correcting the patient's condition. Truly innovative treatment methods aimed at correcting pathological mechanisms can have a positive effect not only on blood sugar levels, but also on blood pressure. This opens up new opportunities for comprehensive health management of patients with type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of complications.
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