International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine
INTRODUCTION The International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine (IJIMM) is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research articles, theoretical studies, systematic reviews, case reports, and conceptual papers in the field of modern medicine and its integration with multidisciplinary approaches. The journal aims to provide a platform for scholars, researchers, healthcare practitioners, and policymakers to exchange knowledge and insights in addressing global health challenges through integrative and evidence-based perspectives. JOURNAL INFORMATION Journal title : International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine Initials : IJIMM Frequency : 12 issues per year Print ISSN : - Online ISSN : 2995- 5319 Publisher : Medical Journals Press
Clinicopathological Analysis of the Histopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Malignant Tumors
Malignant tumors are one of the most pressing issues in modern medicine, and their early diagnosis and prediction of disease progression play a crucial role in selecting effective treatment strategies. The aim of this study is to investigate the histopathological characteristics of malignant tumors and to identify their correlation with key prognostic factors. During the study, specimens prepared from biopsies and surgical materials were stained using the hematoxylin-eosin method and examined. Microscopic analysis evaluated cellular and nuclear atypia, mitotic activity, degree of differentiation, stromal invasion, foci of necrosis, and tumor spread patterns. The results demonstrated that high-grade morphological changes are directly associated with aggressive tumor behavior and unfavorable clinical prognosis. A decrease in the degree of differentiation, an increase in the number of mitoses, and the presence of invasive growth features were identified as primary criteria indicating rapid disease progression. Histopathological assessment is a reliable diagnostic method with prognostic significance, playing an essential role in clinical decision-making and in selecting individualized treatment strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine
The Effect of Consuming Salt and Vinegar-Washed Vegetables on Serum Electrolyte Levels in Male Wistar Rats
Background: Salt and vinegar are commonly used to wash vegetables to remove contaminants and improve food safety. However, their impact on the nutritional profile of vegetables, particularly the electrolyte content, and the subsequent physiological effects on consumers, remains underexplored. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of consuming salt and vinegar-washed vegetables on serum electrolyte (sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus) levels in a Male Wistar rat model. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=4/group). Group I (control) received a normal diet with vegetables washed in plain water. Groups II and III received vegetables washed in 0.75g/250mL and 1.50g/250mL salt solutions, respectively. Groups IV and V received vegetables washed in vinegar solutions at 1:4 and 2:4 dilutions, respectively. The intervention lasted 28 days. Serum electrolytes were analyzed using ion-selective electrode (sodium, potassium, chloride) and ammonium molybdate (phosphate) methods. Results: The consumption of salt-washed vegetables led to a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in serum sodium, chloride, and potassium levels compared to the control group. Serum sodium and chloride levels were not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) altered in the Vinegar-washed vegetables; however, a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in potassium and phosphate levels was observed at the lower vinegar concentration (1:4), which decreased at the higher concentration (2:4). Conclusion: Washing vegetables with salt significantly increases the bioavailability of electrolytes, potentially disrupting homeostasis. In comparison, Vinegar washing is a more favorable method, with minimal impact on sodium and chloride levels and a nonlinear effect on potassium and phosphate. These findings suggest that dietary advice should consider vegetable preparation methods.
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
High Prevalence and Knowledge-Practice Gap of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Medical Laboratory Science Students in Sokoto, Nigeria
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is a globally prevalent gastric pathogen and a class I carcinogen. It is one of the high-prevalence bacterial infections in low and medium-resource settings; however, data from asymptomatic young adults, particularly health-science students in Nigeria, are sparse. This study assessed the prevalence, associated knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding H. pylori infection among students at the School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 120 students (at the 200–500 level) was conducted. A well structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and KAP data. H. pylori infection status was determined serologically using a rapid immunoassay test strip. Results: The overall seroprevalence of H. pylori was 80.8% (97/120). While 90% of respondents had heard of H. pylori, only 5.8% knew that not sharing utensils was a preventive measure against it. The majority of students (about 95%) who participated in this study reported sharing food and utensils, 89.2% used sachet water as their primary drinking source, and 92.5% frequently skipped meals. Conclusion: An alarmingly high prevalence of H. pylori infection was found among medical laboratory students, coupled with a critical knowledge-practice gap. Despite being health-science trainees, students engaged in high-risk behaviours that facilitate transmission.
Conservative Treatment of Hemorrhoids in Pregnant Women and Postpartum Patients
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common proctological diseases in pregnant women and postpartum patients, significantly impairing quality of life.The aim of this study was to evaluate the specific features of treatment strategies for hemorrhoids during pregnancy and in the postpartum period, taking into account safety for both mother and fetus. Clinical manifestations, the effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches, and the incidence of complications were analyzed. The study included 60 patients who received комплекс therapy using outpatient methods. The results demonstrated high effectiveness of conservative treatment in the early stages of the disease. Optimal treatment strategies are discussed considering the trimester of pregnancy and the condition of postpartum patients.
Preparation of Nano-Oxides for Photovoltaic Applications by Drop-Casting
The growing demand for sustainable energy has accelerated the development of low-cost photovoltaic technologies based on solution-processed nano-oxide materials. This study explores the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO), nickel oxide (NiO), and doped metal-oxide thin films using a simple drop-casting technique for solar cell applications. The films were synthesized via low-temperature chemical methods and deposited as functional layers within photovoltaic architectures, with thickness and morphology controlled through precursor concentration and annealing optimization. Structural, optical, and electrical properties were characterized using XRD, SEM, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and current–voltage (J–V) measurements under simulated solar illumination. The results show that controlled annealing and suitable doping improve crystallinity, reduce defect density, and enhance charge transport. Doped NiO layers provide better band alignment and reduced interfacial recombination, while ZnO nanoparticle films demonstrate effective electron transport and improved interfacial contact, leading to enhanced power conversion efficiency and device stability. These findings confirm that drop-casting is a cost-effective, scalable approach for producing high-quality nano-oxide thin films for next-generation photovoltaic applications.
Oral Hygiene Status in Patients with Complete Removable and Implant-Supported Overdentures: A Clinical and Preventive Analysis
In modern prosthetic dentistry, rehabilitation of patients with complete edentulism is increasingly carried out using implant-supported prosthetic constructions. The use of implant-retained overdentures significantly improves the functional efficiency of prosthetic treatment, enhances prosthesis stability, and increases patients’ quality of life. However, the long-term success of treatment directly depends on the level of individual oral hygiene and proper maintenance of prosthetic components. Removable dentures of various types create additional retentive areas for dental plaque and microbial accumulation, which may contribute to inflammatory changes in the mucosa and peri-implant tissues. Regular monitoring of oral hygiene is particularly important in patients using implant-supported prostheses, since biofilm formation is one of the key risk factors for the development of peri-implantitis. Clinical observations indicate that patients with implant-supported overdentures, when adequately motivated in oral hygiene practices, demonstrate more stable tissue conditions in the prosthetic bed compared to users of conventional complete removable dentures. This underscores the need for individualized preventive programs, including patient education on denture care and regular professional follow-up. Thus, maintaining an optimal level of oral hygiene is a critical prerequisite for preserving the functionality of prosthetic constructions and preventing complications associated with both conventional removable dentures and implant-supported systems.
Digital Mathematical Modeling In Predicting The Clinical Effectiveness Of Fixed Prosthetic Restorations On Dental Implants
The article presents a theoretical rationale for the use of digital mathematical modeling in predicting the biomechanical effectiveness of fixed prosthetic restorations on dental implants. The possibilities of the finite element method (Finite Element Analysis, FEA) in analyzing the stress-strain state of the “implant–abutment–prosthetic restoration–bone tissue” system are considered. The influence of implant diameter and length, bone quality, fixation type, and prosthetic material on the distribution of functional load is analyzed. It is shown that the use of mathematical modeling increases the predictability of clinical outcomes and reduces the risk of biomechanical complications.
The Importance of Using Minimally Invasive Methods in the Elimination of Iatrogenic Complications After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
This article analyzes the clinical and practical significance of the use of minimally invasive methods in the elimination of iatrogenic complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is widely used today as a "gold standard" method for the surgical treatment of cholelithiasis, however, during or after surgery, damage to the bile ducts, bleeding, bile leakage, subhepatic abscesses, and other iatrogenic complications can be observed. The study highlights the advantages of minimally invasive methods such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous drainage, endoscopic stenting, and relaparoscopy in the early detection and effective treatment of these complications. The use of minimally invasive technologies contributes to a reduction in surgical trauma in patients, a reduction in the length of hospital stay, an acceleration of the rehabilitation process, and a decrease in postoperative mortality and disability. Also, this approach reduces the need for repeated open surgical interventions and increases the economic efficiency of treatment. The article systematically analyzes the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of minimally invasive methods based on clinical observations and modern scientific literature, and substantiates the need for their widespread implementation in practice.
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the physiological importance of nutrition in children and the problem of anemia that develops as a result of improper and unbalanced nutrition. The increased need of the body for protein, vitamins and microelements, especially iron, due to the rapid growth and development processes in childhood, is scientifically explained. The etiological factors, stages of pathogenesis, clinical signs and laboratory indicators of iron deficiency anemia are described in detail. The negative impact of anemia on the physical development, mental potential and immune system of the child is also revealed. The article emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, the organization of rational nutrition, treatment with iron preparations and effective preventive measures. This information is of significant scientific and practical importance in pediatric practice in strengthening children's health and preventing anemia.
Pulmonary Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Challenges in Clinical Practice
Pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represents a clinically significant and often underrecognized manifestation that substantially contributes to morbidity and mortality. Lung involvement in SLE may affect the pleura, lung parenchyma, pulmonary vasculature, and respiratory musculature, presenting with a wide spectrum of clinical patterns ranging from asymptomatic findings to life-threatening conditions. The heterogeneity of pulmonary manifestations and their frequently nonspecific presentation pose major diagnostic challenges and often lead to delayed recognition. Advances in imaging techniques and pulmonary function testing have improved detection; however, accurate diagnosis requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Management remains challenging due to the lack of standardized, disease-specific treatment guidelines and the variable response to immunosuppressive and targeted therapies. Early identification of pulmonary involvement and timely initiation of appropriate treatment are essential to prevent irreversible lung damage and improve long-term outcomes in patients with SLE. This review summarizes current knowledge on clinical patterns, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of SLE-related pulmonary disease.
Pulmonary Manifestations of Autoimmune Diseases: Early Detection, Phenotypic Patterns, and Prognostic Determinants
Pulmonary involvement is a frequent and clinically significant manifestation of autoimmune diseases, substantially contributing to disease-related morbidity and mortality. Lung damage may develop at any stage of the disease course and often remains subclinical during early phases, leading to delayed diagnosis and unfavorable outcomes. This analytical review summarizes current evidence on pulmonary manifestations associated with autoimmune diseases, with a particular focus on early detection, phenotypic patterns, and prognostic determinants. Key pulmonary phenotypes include interstitial lung disease, airway involvement, pleural manifestations, and pulmonary vascular abnormalities. Advances in high-resolution imaging, pulmonary function testing, serological profiling, and multidisciplinary diagnostic strategies have improved recognition of autoimmune-related pulmonary involvement; however, diagnostic delays remain common. Prognosis is influenced by the extent and pattern of lung involvement, the presence of specific autoantibodies, the rate of functional decline, and associated complications such as pulmonary hypertension and progressive fibrosis. A phenotype-oriented and multidisciplinary approach is essential for timely diagnosis, risk stratification, and optimized management of patients with autoimmune diseases and pulmonary involvement.
Assessment of Civil Servants’ Knowledge and Attitudes Toward the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ibarapa East Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Access to affordable health care remains a major challenge in Nigeria. The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was established to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure and improve financial risk protection, particularly among formal sector workers such as civil servants. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and factors influencing utilization of NHIS among civil servants in Ibarapa East Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. Data were collected from 300 civil servants using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and factors influencing NHIS utilization. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to analyze the data at a 5% significance level. Among respondents, 59.3% were registered with NHIS, and 54.7% had collected their NHIS numbers. Despite generally high knowledge levels, 63.0% perceived the scheme as ineffective, and 70.7% indicated willingness to discontinue participation if given the opportunity. Age showed a weak but significant positive relationship with NHIS utilization (r = 0.249, p < 0.01). Level of education was strongly associated with knowledge of NHIS (r = 0.690, p < 0.01) and moderately associated with factors influencing utilization (r = 0.227, p < 0.05). Gender demonstrated a weak positive relationship with attitude toward NHIS (r = 0.190, p < 0.05. While civil servants demonstrated good knowledge of NHIS, negative perceptions and dissatisfaction persist, highlighting gaps between awareness and perceived value. Education emerged as a key determinant of knowledge and utilization. Targeted public enlightenment campaigns and improvements in service delivery are essential to enhance confidence, sustain enrollment, and optimize the effectiveness of NHIS.
Molecular-Genetic Aspects in the Diagnosis of Odontogenic Tumors
Odontogenic tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms originating from the epithelial and mesenchymal elements of the dental apparatus, characterized by a significant diversity of morphological manifestations, clinical course, and biological behavior. This group of tumors occupies a special place in the structure of maxillofacial pathology, accounting for 2.8-9.6% of all head and neck neoplasms, while their diagnosis remains one of the most complex tasks of modern dental oncology and maxillofacial surgery.
Chronic Tonzillar Infection As A Cause Of Rheumatic Disorders In Children
Chronic tonsillar infection is one of the most pressing problems in modern pediatrics, being not only a local inflammatory process but also a potential source of serious systemic complications. According to modern epidemiological studies, chronic tonsillitis is diagnosed in 12-15% of school-age children, while the frequency of rheumatic complications accounts for 2-8% of the total number of chronic tonsillary pathology cases.
Features of Orthopedic Rehabilitation of Patients with Maxillofacial Defects and Post-Covid Complications of the Upper Jaw
One of the current tasks in dentistry is to improve the principles of providing orthopedic care to patients with the consequences of various injuries and surgical interventions on the tissues of the maxillofacial region. The importance of this issue is justified by the annual increase in the number of patients who have suffered from road traffic accidents, industrial accidents and catastrophes, as well as those who have undergone surgical interventions for neoplasms, deformities, and defects of the maxillofacial region caused by acute purulent and inflammatory diseases due to COVID-19.
Modern Approaches to Diagnostics and Treatment of Sinusites
Sinusitis is one of the most pressing problems of modern otorhinolaryngology, characterized by inflammatory lesions of the paranasal sinuses of various etiologies and pathogenesis. According to the World Health Organization, sinusitis ranks second in frequency among all diseases of the upper respiratory tract, after only acute respiratory infections, and is diagnosed annually in 10-15% of the adult population of developed countries.
The Importance of Latin Language in the Field of Pharmacy
This article extensively discusses the role and scientific and practical significance of the Latin language in the field of pharmacy. Since Latin has long been one of the main scientific languages of medicine and pharmaceutical sciences, it still plays an important role in the formation of names of medicinal products, the establishment of prescription rules, and the uniform use of international medical and pharmaceutical terminology. The article analyzes the role of Latin in the pharmaceutical education system, its importance in the scientific naming of medicinal substances and plants, and the features of its use in the prescription system. It also provides information about the need for specialists working in the pharmaceutical field to know Latin, its role in accurately expressing the composition of drugs, standardizing pharmacological terms, and understanding scientific literature. Latin, in addition to forming the terminological basis of pharmaceutical science, also serves as a universal language that facilitates scientific communication between doctors and pharmacists working in different countries. The article analyzes the importance of the Latin language in pharmaceutical practice based on scientific sources and emphasizes that in-depth study of this language is an important factor in improving the professional skills of pharmaceutical specialists.
The Role of Early Vaccination in Preventing Neonatal Infectious Diseases: A Review
Neonatal infectious diseases remain an important cause of early-life morbidity and mortality. In Uzbekistan, improvements in maternal and child healthcare have enhanced neonatal survival; however, conditions such as neonatal sepsis, hepatitis B vertical transmission, and tuberculosis exposure continue to pose challenges. Early vaccination, administered at birth or during the first weeks of life, is a key preventive strategy. This review analyzes national epidemiological data from 2022 to 2024 to evaluate the impact of early immunization on neonatal infectious disease incidence in Uzbekistan. The study focuses on BCG vaccination, hepatitis B birth-dose coverage, and maternal tetanus immunization. The findings show a consistent decline in neonatal infectious disease rates over the three-year period, alongside vaccination coverage levels exceeding 95%. Reductions in perinatal hepatitis B transmission and sustained elimination of neonatal tetanus highlight the effectiveness of timely immunization and strengthened perinatal care. Overall, early vaccination remains a cornerstone of neonatal infection prevention in Uzbekistan, contributing significantly to improved health outcomes and reduced infectious morbidity.
Acute and Chronic Gastritis and the Role of Proper Nutrition
Acute and chronic gastritis are among the most common diseases of the digestive system and are characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa caused by various external and internal factors. Improper dietary habits, Helicobacter pylori infection, alcohol consumption, certain medications, and unhealthy lifestyle factors play an important role in the development and progression of these conditions. This article analyzes the clinical characteristics, etiological factors, and pathological mechanisms of acute and chronic gastritis and highlights the importance of proper nutrition in their prevention and management. Special attention is given to the role of therapeutic dietary tables, particularly Diet No.1, which is widely used in the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer disease. The study also discusses the impact of aggressive foods, irregular meal patterns, and nutritional deficiencies on gastric mucosal damage. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and epidemiological data, the article emphasizes that balanced nutrition and adherence to dietary recommendations significantly contribute to reducing inflammation, improving digestive function, and preventing complications associated with gastritis. The findings underline the importance of diet therapy as an essential component in the comprehensive management of gastritis and in maintaining overall gastrointestinal health.
Healthcare Financing Options and Health-Seeking Patterns Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in Oyo State, Nigeria
Health financing options and health-seeking patterns play a crucial role in determining the health outcomes of children under five years. This study examined the relationship between healthcare financing options and the health-seeking patterns of caregivers of children under five attending primary healthcare facilities in Oyo State. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed among caregivers of under-five children attending selected primary healthcare facilities in Oyo State. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, healthcare financing options, and health-seeking behavior patterns. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, while Pearson correlation and chi-square tests were applied to examine relationships between healthcare financing mechanisms and health-seeking patterns. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. The study found that the majority of caregivers were female (91.7%), with a mean age of 31 years. Out-of-pocket payment was the predominant healthcare financing method (44.5%), while only a small proportion utilized health insurance (17.8%) or community-based schemes (7.3%). Health-seeking patterns showed that although 41.5% of under-five children experienced illness within the previous three months, only 22.7% of caregivers initially sought care at primary healthcare facilities. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between healthcare financing options and health-seeking patterns (p = 0.000). The findings highlight that healthcare financing mechanisms significantly influence caregivers’ health-seeking patterns for children under five. A heavy reliance on out-of-pocket payments contributes to delayed health-seeking, whereas insurance and financial preparedness improve timely care-seeking. Strengthening health insurance coverage and expanding financial protection mechanisms are critical for improving uptake of health services.
Some Contradictions in the Development of a Healthy Lifestyle
: A healthy lifestyle is considered one of the most important determinants of human health and well-being. According to the World Health Organization, lifestyle factors account for nearly half of the determinants influencing individual health. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contradictions that arise in the development and promotion of a healthy lifestyle in modern society. The research employs analytical, comparative, and theoretical methods to examine the relationship between lifestyle, culture, and public health. The results show that despite the growing recognition of the importance of healthy lifestyles, various social, economic, and cultural factors hinder their effective implementation. Commercialization of healthcare, consumer culture, and the persistence of unhealthy habits create contradictions that complicate efforts to promote health-oriented behaviors. The study concludes that the development of a healthy lifestyle requires a comprehensive approach involving state policy, educational initiatives, and individual responsibility.
Sanitary-Bacteriological Water Quality Studies
Ensuring the microbiological safety of drinking and recreational water is an important public health issue worldwide. Contaminated water may serve as a source of various infectious diseases, including intestinal infections, respiratory illnesses, and skin diseases. The purpose of this study is to analyze sanitary and bacteriological indicators used to assess water quality and to evaluate modern microbiological methods applied for water quality monitoring. The research is based on sanitary-microbiological analysis of water samples, focusing on the detection of indicator microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, lactose-positive coliform bacteria, enterococci, and staphylococci. The results demonstrate that traditional bacteriological methods remain the most reliable tools for assessing the sanitary condition of water sources, although modern rapid testing technologies significantly reduce analysis time and improve monitoring efficiency. The study confirms the importance of improving microbiological monitoring systems and harmonizing national water quality standards with international requirements to ensure the epidemiological safety of drinking and recreational water resources.
Surgical Treatment of Benign Bone Tumors in Children
Benign bone tumors in children are a common pathology of the musculoskeletal system, causing pain syndrome, bone deformation, and impaired limb function. The study conducted a retrospective analysis of 31 patients aged 6-17 with solitary bone cysts, osteochondromes, osteoid-osteomas, and endochondromes. The main treatment methods were curettage with bone grafting, edge resection, and radiofrequency ablation. Postoperative results showed high effectiveness of surgical treatment: complete restoration of limb function was noted in 29 patients (93.5%), relapses - in 1 patient (3.2%). Organ-preserving interventions ensure minimal tissue damage and optimal functional outcomes
Modern Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching Microbiology, Virology and Immunology in Medical Universities
The article examines modern pedagogical approaches to teaching the disciplines of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology in medical and biological universities. The study analyzes both traditional and innovative teaching methods, including digital technologies, interactive learning formats, simulation-based methodologies, and competency-based approaches. Special attention is given to the specific features of teaching microbiology as a fundamental discipline that requires the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical laboratory skills. The experience of Russian and international universities in implementing active learning methods, distance learning technologies, and rating-based systems for knowledge assessment is systematized. The study concludes that the integration of traditional and innovative teaching approaches is essential for the development of professional competencies of future specialists.
Deep Bite and its Impact on Patients' Quality of Life
The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of patient age on the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment for deep bite. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of various age groups, correction methods, and factors determining the stability of results are examined. It has been established that the most favorable period for treatment is childhood and adolescence, when active jaw bone growth is maintained. In later periods, effectiveness declines, and the need for retention measures increases.
Experimental Substantiation of the Use of An Osteoplastic Material Based on Hydroxiapatite in Sinus Lifting
Modern regenerative medicine is aimed at expanding the capabilities of clinicians in stimulating natural bone regeneration processes and developing artificial biomaterials for the restoration of lost tissues. This work is devoted to the experimental study of the effectiveness and safety of osteoplastic material based on hydroxyapatite, intended for use in surgical dentistry, including during sinus lifting operations.
Preclinical Experimental Study of Osteoplastic Material Based on Hydroxyapatitis for Surgical Dentistry
Improvement of Surgical Treatment of Chronic Hemorroy
The dissertation research is based on a comparative analysis of the results of providing specialized surgical care to 161 hemorrhoids patients. Hemorrhoidectomy with lateral ultrasound dissection in a cutting pattern is accompanied by significantly less pronounced disorders in the contractile activity of the rectal obturator apparatus compared to the electrochemical dissection of hemorrhoidal nodes. Changes in the average indicators of intraanal resting pressure and voluntary contraction of the sphincter after its execution did not reach statistical significance. At the same time, after Milligan-Morgan's operation using electrocoagulation, a decrease in the mean intraanal pressure of the voluntary contraction of the sphincter was noted by more than 33% of the initial value (p<0.05). Hemorrhoidectomy with lateral ultrasound dissection in a cutting pattern is characterized by a low frequency of complications compared to Milligan-Morgan surgery performed using electrocoagulation (4.5% and 19.4%, p<0.05), less pronounced pain syndrome, which significantly improves the course of the early postoperative period and ensures a reduction in the rehabilitation period of patients.
Deep Bite and Its Impact on Patients' Quality of Life
Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Digital Health for Hypertension: Evolving Tools for Precision Cardiovascular Care
Hypertension remains the leading global risk factor for cardiovascular mor- bidity and mortality, with suboptimal control rates despite guideline-directed thera- pies. Digital health and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer novel approaches for improving diagnosis, monitoring, and individualized treatment of hypertension. Objectives to critically review the current landscape of AI-enabled digital tools for hy- pertension management, including emerging applications, implementation challenges, and future directions. A narrative review of recent PubMed-indexed studies (2019–2024) was conducted, focusing on clinical applications of AI and digital health tech- nologies in hypertension. Emphasis was placed on real-world deployment, algorithmic explainability, digital biomarkers, and ethical/regulatory frameworks. Priority was given to high-quality randomized trials, systematic reviews, and expert consensus statements. AI-supported platforms—including remote blood pressure monitoring, machine learning titration algorithms, and digital twins—have demonstrated early promise in improving hypertension control. Explainable AI (XAI) is critical for clinician trust and integration into decision-making. Equity-focused design and regulatory oversight are essential to prevent exacerbation of health disparities. Emerging implementation strategies, such as federated learning and co-design frameworks, may enhance scalability and gener- alizability across diverse care settings. AI-guided titration and digital twin approaches appear most promising for reducing therapeutic inertia, whereas cuffless blood pressure monitoring remains the least mature. Future work should prioritize pragmatic trials with equity and cost-effectiveness endpoints, supported by safeguards against bias, accountability gaps, and privacy risks.
Intelligent Document Processing: Ai-Powered Document Management and Analysis
The rapid growth of digital information has necessitated a transformation in document management practices, giving rise to Intelligent Document Processing (IDP), an AI-powered approach that automates, analyses, and optimizes the handling of organizational documents. Historically, organizations relied on manual or traditional document management systems (DMS), which were often labor-intensive, error prone, and limited in analytical capabilities. The emergence of IDP has shifted this paradigm, integrating artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotic process automation to enable more accurate, efficient, and insightful document workflows. IDP encompasses a range of technologies and systems, including optical character recognition for digitization, NLP for semantic understanding, ML and deep learning for predictive and analytical tasks, and RPA for workflow automation. These systems facilitate automated document capture, classification, indexing, extraction, and retrieval while supporting advanced analytical tasks such as sentiment analysis, entity recognition, pattern detection, and anomaly identification. Compared with traditional DMS, AI-powered IDP offers superior scalability, speed, and the ability to extract actionable insights from unstructured and structured data. Applications of IDP span multiple sectors, including banking, healthcare, legal services, education, and public administration, delivering tangible benefits such as increased efficiency, reduced human errors, cost savings, enhanced data accuracy, and improved compliance. Nonetheless, challenges persist, including data privacy and security concerns, integration with legacy systems, high implementation costs, and AI model bias. Ethical and legal considerations, particularly transparency, accountability, and responsible AI deployment, are critical to the sustainable adoption of IDP. Looking forward, the field is expected to evolve with advances in generative AI, real-time analytics, cloud-based solutions, and human–AI collaboration. Organizations that strategically integrate IDP within well designed job structures and governance frameworks are likely to achieve enhanced operational efficiency, informed decision-making, and competitive advantage in the digital era.
The Role of DNA Repair Enzymes in Maintaining Genome Stability
Endogenous metabolic processes and exogenous environmental factors always test the integrity of the genome of the organism, and it is estimated that there is two million DNA damaging events per cell per day [1]. These myriads insults may cause a wide range of DNA lesions, including subtle base modifications to disastrous double-strand breaks, all of which are very dangerous to the genomic stability when they are not repaired [2], [3]. Single cell in a human being may experience approximately 105 events of DNA-damaging per day, which would lead to the culmination of approximately 1016 to 1018 repair events per day in an entire organism to counter all these endogenous lesions [4]. This sustained attack demands complex and high robust network of DNA repair that has evolved to detect, signal, and repair different forms of DNA damage, to protect genetic data and cellular homeostasis [5].
Metabolic Quotient in Gout: Clinical Validation and Prognostic Value for a Frequently Relapsing Course
Gout is considered a systemic metabolic-inflammatory disease in which the severity of clinical manifestations and the risk of complications are determined not only by uric acid levels but also by the overall metabolic burden. In outpatient practice, physicians require a simple and reproducible tool to quantify the "metabolic burden" and relate it to the risk of frequent attacks and a severe disease phenotype. To develop and clinically validate a metabolic quotient for gout and evaluate its prognostic value for disease activity and adverse clinical and laboratory outcomes. A single-center controlled study (2021–2025, Urgench outpatient clinic) was conducted. Patients with gout and a control group were examined. The metabolic coefficient (MC) was calculated as a summary assessment of metabolic burden components (obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) with subsequent gradation by risk level. Clinical activity indicators (attack frequency, pain according to the VAS scale, and tophi), SUA, creatinine/eGFR, CRP, and systemic inflammatory indices (including SII) were assessed. Correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression for adverse outcomes, and ROC analysis were performed to determine MC thresholds. MC values were statistically significantly higher in patients with gout than in the control group, reflecting the high prevalence of metabolic burden in the disease structure. An increase in MC was accompanied by increased attack frequency, a higher likelihood of tophi/frequently recurring disease, worsening renal function, and increased systemic inflammation as measured by CRP and SII. In multivariate models, the metabolic coefficient (MC) remained independently associated with the risk of an unfavorable clinical phenotype after adjusting for age, sex, SUA, and eGFR. ROC analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the MC for risk stratification and allowed us to identify thresholds at which the likelihood of frequent attacks and a severe phenotype increases sharply. The metabolic coefficient (MC) is a simple and reproducible tool reflecting the "metabolic burden" in gout and has clinically significant predictive value for attack frequency, a severe phenotype, and systemic inflammation. Using the MC at the baseline visit allows us to identify high-risk patients and justify a more intensive strategy for disease and comorbidity control.
Road Traffic Injuries in the Khorezm Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan: Medical and Epidemiological Aspects
Road traffic injuries remain one of the leading causes of premature mortality, disability, and medical and social losses. Despite the development of road infrastructure and enhanced control measures, the structure of road accidents in many regions remains unstable, and the severity of their consequences is largely determined by human factors. Regional analysis is particularly valuable for developing targeted preventive measures, allowing us to identify local accident patterns, high-risk groups, and the most unfavorable combinations of road, time, and behavioral factors. To study the structure and dynamics of road accidents in the Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2025 compared to 2024, and to assess the role of human factors in the development of severe and fatal consequences of road accidents. A comparative epidemiological study was conducted based on official statistics on road accidents registered in the Khorezm region for 2024–2025. The analysis included 336 road accidents registered in 2024 and 305 accidents in 2025. Thirteen key indicators characterizing the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of accident rates were examined: lighting conditions, driver age and gender, road user categories, vehicle type, road type and category, accidents involving children, incident type, distribution by day of the week, main causes of accidents, driving experience, accidents involving pedestrians, and seasonal dynamics. Descriptive and comparative statistical methods were used to calculate absolute and relative indicators, dynamics, fatality rates, injury rates, and overall accident severity; differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. It was established that the road traffic situation in the Khorezm region in 2025 was characterized not only by a change in the number of accidents but also by a qualitative transformation in the accident structure. An analysis of individual blocks revealed a significant increase in the severity of road accidents. Lighting conditions remained a leading factor: while the overall number of accidents in various lighting conditions remained virtually unchanged, the number of fatalities increased by 40.0%, with the most unfavorable trend observed in areas with no or poor lighting. An age analysis revealed a multi-peak risk profile: a high accident rate persisted among young drivers, but the most pronounced increase in fatalities was also recorded in several middle-aged and older age groups. The gender structure of road accidents was characterized by a marked predominance of men, who account for the majority of serious accidents and fatalities. By road user type, the most unfavorable trend was observed among pedestrians, whose fatality rate increased by 140.0%. An analysis by vehicle type revealed that passenger cars continue to be the primary contributor to accidents and fatalities, but trucks and newly recorded accidents involving tractors have acquired additional significance. Overall, the data obtained showed that the human factor continues to play a leading role in the formation of serious road accidents in the region, manifested through risky behavior, errors in assessing the road situation, violations of traffic rules, decreased attention, and insufficient adaptation to unfavorable road conditions. Road accidents in the Khorezm region in 2025 are characterized by a structural increase in the severity of accidents, with human factors remaining a leading factor. The identified patterns confirm the need for targeted prevention aimed at high-risk groups, improvements to road infrastructure, and a reduction in the impact of controllable behavioral factors on accident severity.
Curcumin as a Component Of A Sustainable Gout Control Strategy With Febuxostat: Clinical Outcomes, Systemic Inflammation, And Response Predictors
Gout is a systemic metabolic-inflammatory disease characterized by persistent hyperuricemia combined with chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and a high comorbidity burden. In real-world outpatient practice, key barriers to long-term control remain variability in the clinical course, early flares at the start of urate-lowering therapy, poor adherence, and persistent systemic inflammatory reactivity. Curcumin is considered a safe anti-inflammatory and metabolically targeted component that potentially enhances the sustainability of the clinical response in gout. To evaluate the clinical and laboratory efficacy of adding curcumin to urate-lowering therapy with Adenuric in patients with gout and hyperuricemia, and to determine the impact of the combined approach on systemic inflammation, metabolic profile, quality of life, and the incidence of concomitant urological complications over 12 months. A single-center, controlled study was conducted (2021–2025, Urgench outpatient clinic). A total of 312 participants were examined: Group 1 — Adenuric (n=106), Group 2 — Adenuric + curcumin (n=97), and Group 3 — control (n=109). Group 2 underwent follow-up from T0–T3 (3, 6, and 12 months). We assessed uric acid levels (SUA), attack frequency, VAS pain score, CRP, systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-38), metabolic profile indicators (HOMA-IR, atherogenic index), EQ-5D, urinary syndrome markers, and urinary tract infection (UTI) frequency. Multivariate logistic regression of UTI recurrence predictors and ROC analysis of prognostic tools (OI-GOUT, ISI-GOUT based on SII, IL-38) were performed. By the 12th month, combination therapy provided deeper urate control: SUA 322±49 vs. 356±54 μmol/L (p<0.001) and more frequent achievement of the target SUA <360 μmol/L (82.5% vs. 67.9%; p=0.018). Clinical activity of gout was lower in group 2: attack frequency 0 [0;1] vs. 1 [0;2] (p=0.001), VAS pain 2.3±1.2 vs. 3.1±1.4 (p<0.001), the proportion of patients with a reduction in attack frequency ≥50% was 84.5% vs. 70.8% (p=0.020). A more pronounced attenuation of systemic inflammation and strengthening of the regulatory link were noted: SII 560 [410;800] versus 690 [520;980] (p<0.001), CRP 2.6 [1.5;4.8] versus 4.2 [2.3;7.1] (p<0.001), IL-38 69 [54;88] versus 52 [40;66] (p<0.001). Recurrence of UTI within 12 months was less common with combination therapy (9.3% versus 21.7%; p=0.015); In a multivariate model, combination therapy maintained an independent protective effect (OR=0.38; 95% CI 0.16–0.89; p=0.026), and SII (OR=1.34 per +300; p=0.007) and IL-38 (OR=0.82 per +10 pg/ml; p=0.009) were significant predictors of relapse. ROC analysis showed clinically useful discrimination: OI-GOUT for ≥2 attacks/year AUC=0.76 (cut-off ≥20; Se/Sp 72/70%), ISI-GOUT for UTI recurrence AUC=0.74 (cut-off ≥900; 69/68%), IL-38 AUC=0.71 (cut-off ≤45 pg/ml; 66/67%). Metabolic and functional outcomes at T3 were better in Group 2: HOMA-IR 2.6±1.0 vs. 3.1±1.1 (p=0.002), atherogenic index 3.4±0.8 vs. 3.9±0.9 (p<0.001), EQ-5D 0.82±0.11 vs. 0.76±0.12 (p<0.001). The safety profile was comparable (p>0.05 for major adverse events). The addition of curcumin to Adenuric therapy is associated with more pronounced control of hyperuricemia and clinical gout activity, a reduction in systemic inflammation with an increase in IL-38, an improvement in the metabolic profile and quality of life with comparable tolerability. The SII/IL-38 indices and the integral OI-GOUT and ISI-GOUT indices demonstrate prognostic value for early risk stratification and monitoring of therapy response.
Analysis of the Structure of Injuries Among Victims of Road Accidents in the Khorezm Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Road traffic injuries remain one of the leading causes of premature mortality and disability, and human error is considered the primary source of manageable risk in the structure of road accidents. Driver socio-demographic characteristics, insufficient experience, lack of a driver's license, as well as behavioral violations, including speeding, dangerous overtaking, and failure to comply with traffic rules, largely determine both the likelihood of an accident and the severity of its consequences. To study the influence of socio-demographic and behavioral factors on the development of road traffic injuries and the severity of their consequences. A comparative epidemiological study was conducted based on official statistical data on road accidents for 2024–2025. Indicators characterizing the age and gender of drivers, driving experience, the presence or absence of a driver's license, the main causes of accidents, and the distribution of accidents by type of road user were analyzed. Descriptive and comparative statistical methods were used to calculate absolute and relative indicators, rates of change, fatality rates, injury rates, and overall accident severity. Statistical significance of differences was assessed at p<0.05. It was established that the human factor in the structure of road traffic injuries is multifaceted. The highest accident rate remained among young drivers, but the most pronounced increase in mortality was also observed in several middle-aged and older age groups. Men accounted for the majority of serious accidents and fatalities. The most unfavorable situation was found among individuals without a driver's license: in this group, both the frequency of accidents and the severity of their consequences increased simultaneously. An analysis of the causes revealed the leading role of behavioral violations—speeding, dangerous overtaking, violating signals and road signs, as well as a combination of other disciplinary errors. It has been established that the human factor is realized not only through the driver but also through the participation of pedestrians and other vulnerable road users, among whom a significant increase in fatalities has been noted. The human factor is the leading determinant of road traffic injuries and defines the key mechanisms underlying severe and fatal road accidents. Its structure includes socio-demographic characteristics, driving experience, legal status of participation in road traffic, and specific behavioral disorders. The obtained results substantiate the need for comprehensive prevention focused on manageable risk components: illegal driving, age-specific groups, and behavioral disorders of drivers and pedestrians.
Current Approaches to Diagnostics and Therapy of Sinusites
Neuropsychology of Addiction: Neural Mechanisms
This article examines the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of addiction as a chronic condition associated with changes in brain function. It describes the role of neuroplasticity and reward mechanisms in the consolidation of addictive behavior. Particular attention is paid to the reward system and dopaminergic pathways, as well as dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex, which leads to decreased self-control. The conclusion presents modern approaches to addiction treatment, including cognitive behavioral therapy, neuropsychological rehabilitation, and pharmacotherapy.