Predictors of Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery
Keywords:
emergency abdominal surgery, postoperative complications, risk factors, emergency laparotomy, morbidity, perioperative careAbstract
Background. Emergency abdominal surgery remains associated with substantial postoperative morbidity because patients frequently present with advanced inflammatory disease, physiological derangement, comorbidity, and limited time for preoperative optimization. Objective. To identify clinical and perioperative factors associated with postoperative complications after emergency abdominal surgery. Materials and methods. A retrospective observational study included 186 adult patients who underwent urgent intra-abdominal operations. For this draft, the numerical dataset is a modeled, internally consistent research dataset intended for manuscript development and must be replaced or verified against primary clinical records before submission. Patients were stratified according to the presence or absence of postoperative complications. Demographic characteristics, ASA physical status, comorbidities, preoperative laboratory findings, operative duration, blood loss, intraoperative hypotension, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Results. Postoperative complications occurred in 54 patients (29.0%). Patients with complications were older, more frequently had ASA III–IV status, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, prolonged operations, and intraoperative hypotension. Multivariable logistic regression identified ASA III–IV, serum albumin <35 g/L, operative duration ≥120 min, and intraoperative hypotension lasting ≥20 min as independent predictors of postoperative morbidity. Conclusion. A combination of preoperative physiological reserve and intraoperative events determines the risk of adverse outcomes after emergency abdominal surgery. Early identification of high-risk patients may support targeted perioperative monitoring and optimization.
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