Cerebral Palsy as a Medical and Social Problem

Abstract

Cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) is one of the most common diseases in the world, which leads to disability in childhood due to impaired motor development. This disease occurs due to brain damage during intrauterine development, childbirth and newborn, manifested by motor disorders - paresis, paralysis, hyperkinesis of the muscles of the arms, neck, trunk and tongue, which adversely affects the child's self–care. 60-80% of children with cerebral palsy have a change in their psyche and speech. Thus, with cerebral palsy, the most important functions for human life are affected: movement, speech, and the psyche. It is proved that cerebral palsy is an urgent medical and social problem, due to its prevalence, which reaches 3-5 per 1000 newborns and disability of young patients [1.3.5.7.9]. Numerous other researchers also believe that cerebral palsy is a severe disease of the central nervous system (CNS), resulting from underdevelopment or damage to the brain in early ontogenesis. At the same time, the most severely affected are the large hemispheres of the brain, which regulate voluntary movements, speech and other cortical functions. Motor disorders are leading in the clinical picture of cerebral palsy.