Prevalence of Risk Factors and Features of the Course of Coronary Heart Disease among Long-Livers and Ways to Optimize its Prognosis and Prevention

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (IHD is a disease whose main pathogenetic mechanism is organic narrowing of the coronary arteries due to damage by atherosclerosis and other causes (coronary spasm, microcirculation disorder, coronary thrombosis). Damage to the coronary arteries of the heart with subsequent insufficient supply of oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium leads to the development of metabolic (exchange) disorders and inactive connective tissue. Replacement of actively functioning myocardial cells (myocardiocytes) and the cardiac conduction system by this tissue leads to the development of heart failure, heart rhythm and conduction disorders. The prevalence of IHD among the adult population of developed countries is approximately 10%, among the elderly and old people - about 20%. Only 40-50% of patients know about their disease, in the remaining 50-60% it remains undiagnosed. With age, the functional capabilities of the body decrease, so long-livers become more susceptible to the occurrence, progression and complicated course of coronary heart disease than young people.