Assessment of Nurse-Led Cardiac Rehabilitation Knowledge and Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study at Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital

Cardiac Rehabilitation Nurses’ Knowledge Nurses’ Attitudes Cardiovascular Nursing Educational Interventions Iraq

Authors

  • Irfan Abdulazahraa Ani
    irfan@gmail.com
    Adult Nursing Department, University of Al Qadisiyan, Qadisiyyah Province, Iraq
June 27, 2025

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Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a critical component of cardiovascular care, yet nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards CR can impact its implementation and success. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards cardiac rehabilitation and identify the factors associated with these outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 nurses at Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital in Iraq during April and May 2025. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire, comprising demographic and work-related information, knowledge items, and attitude statements rated on a Likert scale. Descriptive analyses, bivariate comparisons (t-tests and ANOVA), Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. The mean knowledge score was 10.31 (SD = 4.63) out of 20, indicating a moderate level of knowledge, with 25% of nurses scoring below 6.70 and 75% up to 15.00. Educational level (p = 0.009), hospital department (p = 0.033), working shift (p = 0.004), and previous CR training (p = 0.042) were significantly associated with knowledge scores. Nurses with bachelor’s degrees, those working in operating rooms (mean = 13.32), and night shift workers (mean = 16.10) had the highest knowledge scores. The mean attitude score was 46.60 (SD = 5.10) out of 75, reflecting moderately positive attitudes. Age (p = 0.030) and hospital department (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with attitudes. Older nurses (41–50 years, mean = 50.60) and those working in outpatient departments (mean = 50.00) reported the most positive attitudes. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.303, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression identified knowledge (B = 0.337, p < 0.001) and age (B = 1.862, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of attitudes, accounting for the variance in nurses’ attitudes towards CR. The study highlighted moderate levels of knowledge and attitudes towards cardiac rehabilitation among nurses, with clear gaps in specific areas and variability across demographic and work-related factors. Efforts to enhance nurses’ knowledge, particularly through targeted educational interventions, may play a vital role in fostering more favorable attitudes and ultimately improving the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation services.

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