Psychosocial Aspects of Strabismus in Children

Strabismus in children is one of the most common ophthalmic pathologies that affects not only visual functions, but also psychosocial development. This review analyzes current data on the psychological and social consequences of strabismus, including impaired self-esteem, the risk of anxiety and depression, difficulties in interpersonal interaction and educational activities. The features of the influence of the disease on the family and cultural environment are considered, as well as factors that increase stigmatization and limit the social integration of the child are identified.

Special attention is paid to the need for a multidisciplinary approach, including ophthalmic correction, psychological support and pedagogical support. The article presents data on the role of specialized questionnaires and rehabilitation programs that make it possible to comprehensively assess the quality of life of children with strabismus and develop individualized assistance strategies. It is concluded that successful adaptation and improvement of the quality of life of patients are possible only with the combined efforts of medicine, psychology and pedagogy, and the prospects for further research are related to the prevention of psychosocial consequences and the creation of effective models of family and social support.