Retrospective Evaluation the Health and Pathology of Maxillary Sinus by Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Background: Pathological findings in the maxillary sinus are unexpected or unintended discoveries that are not directly related to the primary reason for conducting a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan for dental imaging. In this study, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of maxillary sinus pathologies and its relation with dental pathology and implant position using CBCT.

Material and methods:150 maxillary sinuses of 75 patients with CBCT image includes in this study for evaluation the pathology of sinus as related to dental pathology of 30 patients who have posterior implant was evaluated for sinus pathology as related to implant position to floor of sinus. Each image investigates in coronal, sagittal and axial section. Images were evaluated for presence of mucosal thickening, polypoid and opacification in maxillary sinus.

Result: In the present study 67 of the total cases had an odontogenic cause of maxillary sinus and the rest 83 cases had healthy sinus. The most common sinus pathology was opacification 26.6% followed by polypoidal thickening 10.6%, mucosal thickening 7.3%. There is relation between sinus pathology and age with increase the frequency of sinus pathology with aging. There is relation between sinus pathology and implant position.

Conclusion: CBCT, a three-dimensional method, can be used to evaluate anatomical and pathological changes in the maxillofacial region. Sinus pathologies were particularly associated with dental pathology and implant position.