Evaluating the results of treatments used in the management of Covid-19 patients

Background: One of the most significant global health crises is the Coronavirus 2019 infection, which results from the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 treatments in Baghdad-Iraq hospitals. Patients and methods: Between the 8^th of April 2022 and the 19^th of October 2023, 120 patients who were documented as medical records of SARS-CoV-2 were received at hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. All demographic as well as clinical data for these patients, including laboratory examinations, were compiled and evaluated. Results: The age group of 41 to 50 years constituted 45% of the total number of patients. Males were found to have the highest rate, with 72 cases compared to 48 cases in females. The most prevalent diseases among the patients were hypertension (60 cases), diabetes (45 cases), chronic respiratory disease (35 cases), and cardiovascular disease (28 cases).

Additionally, 50 patients were found to be smokers. Additionally, the most prevalent symptoms observed in the patients were cough (90 cases), fever (48 cases), shortness of breath (36 cases), and sore throat (30 cases). The diagnostic techniques employed included polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests (45 cases) and antigen tests (4 cases). Antibody tests were performed on 20 patients, while chest X-rays were conducted on 51 patients. Treatments included Remdesivir (11 patients), corticosteroids (23 patients), and oxygen therapy with SpO2 monitoring (86 patients). Of the patients, 23 were classified as having mild COVID-19, 30 as moderate, and 29 as severe. The average length of hospital stay was 11 days, with six days or less for six patients, 9 to 15 days for 30 patients, and more than 15 days for 84 patients. Six patients died. A total of 30 cases were classified as severe, 29 as critical, and 38 as critical. The length of hospital stay was less than nine days in six cases, between nine and 15 days in 30 cases, and greater than 15 days in 84 cases. Six cases resulted in death. Conclusion: The study reveals that comorbidities increase the risk of severe COVID-19 symptoms and complications, leading to higher hospitalizations and mortality rates. Treatment effectiveness is crucial in preventing and reducing disease severity, but individual factors like age and health can affect effectiveness. Early detection and prompt medical intervention are essential for improved outcomes.