Fetal Cellular Immunity in Hemolytic Disease During Rh Immunization in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy

Purpose: The article presents the results of a study of cellular immunity indices in 20 fetuses with hemolytic disease in the second trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods: studies were conducted on 20 umbilical cord blood of fetuses with hemolytic disease, which were taken by transabdominal cordocentesis from pregnant women with Rh-immunization from 24 to 28 weeks of gestation at the Republican Perinatal Center in 2024. All immunological studies were carried out at the Institute of Immunology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Results: the number of CD3+ T-lymphocytes, CD4+ T-helper cells and CD20+ B-lymphocytes in fetuses with hemolytic disease was significantly reduced by 2.23, 2.3 and 2 times compared to the control group; the number of CD8+ lymphocytes of cytotoxic cells and CD16+ killer lymphocytes were significantly increased by 1.3 times and 3.6 times compared to the control group;

Conclusion: In hemolytic disease, the synthesis of T-lymphocytes by the fetus increases, primarily due to the general pool of CD3+, CD4+ T-helper cells and CD20+ B-lymphocytes, which naturally contributes to an increase in CD8+ cytotoxic cells and CD16+ T -killer cells, which are the result of the fetal immunological response.