Peculiarities of the Clinical Course of Congenital Myopia

Congenital myopia is a decrease in visual acuity caused by intrauterine disorders in the structure and function of various parts of the eyeball. The disease develops under the influence of genetic mutations, teratogenic effects and perinatal complications. Visual impairment is detected in children from an early age, often accompanied by astigmatism and amblyopia. Visometry, ultrasound and OCT of the eye, computer accommodation and laser retinotomography are used for diagnostics. Treatment consists of early optical correction of refractive errors, the use of auxiliary drugs and physiotherapy methods.