Dynamics of Clinical Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Postcholecystectomy Syndrome

Postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) remains a significant problem of modern gastroenterology, affecting up to 15-40% of patients after cholecystectomy. Gastrointestinal manifestations form the basis of the clinical picture of PCS, but their dynamic characteristics are insufficiently studied. Analyze the dynamics of clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders in postcholecystectomy syndrome depending on the time periods after surgery and to determine the factors influencing the character and severity of symptoms. A prospective cohort study of 247 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between 2021 and 2024 was conducted. The mean age was 52.3±12.7 years. Clinical manifestations were assessed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery using standardized questionnaires and objective diagnostic methods. 89 patients (36,0%) developed PCS of different severity. The most frequent gastrointestinal manifestations were: diarrhea (67,4%), abdominal pain (58,4%), dyspeptic disorders (45,5%) and flatulence (41,6%). Maximum severity of symptoms was observed in the first 3 months after surgery with subsequent gradual decrease in intensity. Full adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract occurred on average in 12-18 months. The dynamics of gastrointestinal disorders in PCS is characterized by phasic course with maximum severity in the early postoperative period and gradual adaptation during the first two years.