Status of Immunity in Chronic Diseases of the Salivary Glands

Chronic diseases of the salivary glands – including chronic sialadenitis, Sjögren’s syndrome, and other autoimmune processes – are among the most common pathologies in modern medicine. Changes in the immune system play a crucial role in the development of these diseases. This study investigated the immune status of patients with chronic salivary gland diseases. The research compared T-lymphocyte subpopulations, immunoglobulin levels, and cytokine profiles of patients with those of a control group. Results revealed significant changes in the CD4/CD8 ratio, increased levels of IgG and IgA, as well as elevated levels of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in chronic diseases. These alterations support the autoimmune mechanisms of the pathology and highlight the central role of the immune system. The findings of this study have practical significance for improving the diagnosis and treatment strategies of chronic salivary gland diseases.