Metabolic Syndrome and Morphological changes in the Hearts of Offspring Born to Mothers under Stress Conditions

Abstract

This article examines the morphological alterations in the cardiac tissue of offspring born to mothers affected by metabolic syndrome and stress during pregnancy. Core components of metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and obesity, are shown to exert adverse effects on fetal development. Additionally, elevated stress hormones (cortisol, catecholamines) contribute to structural remodeling of cardiomyocytes, disturbances in microcirculation, and myocardial weakness at the morphological level. The article highlights the mechanisms by which maternal metabolic and stress-related disorders program long-term vulnerability of the offspring’s cardiovascular system.