Arterial Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31149/ijimm.v4i4.2863Keywords:
Hypertension, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Blood Pressure, Apnea-Hypopnea Index, CPAP TherapyAbstract
In modern cardiology, close attention has been paid to the role of sleep and its disturbances in the development of various somatic pathologies. Particular attention has been paid to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and its relationship with cardiovascular diseases, particularly arterial hypertension (HTN) of various origins. OSA is a common but rarely diagnosed sleep disorder, affecting 5 to 10% of the population and characterized by cyclical collapse of the upper airway during sleep, leading to partial or complete cessation of breathing for 10 seconds or more. Numerous studies have shown that OSA is an independent risk factor for the development of hypertension. Due to the high prevalence of both hypertension and OSA, these two conditions often occur in the same patient. Approximately 50% of patients with sleep-disordered breathing have hypertension, and approximately 30% of patients with hypertension have OSA. This combination exacerbates the pathological changes inherent in each individual condition. This review can help practicing cardiologists and general practitioners address this comorbidity and understand the relationship between these conditions.
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