Evaluation of Serum Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Levels Among Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Shahad Dyaa Salman Kashmer; Intisar Hussein Ahmed

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Shahad Dyaa Salman Kashmer Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Wasit – Iraq
Intisar Hussein Ahmed Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Wasit – Iraq

Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): International Journal of Pediatrics and Genetics

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June 23, 2025

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This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to compare them with healthy controls. A total of 45 T2DM patients and 35 healthy individuals were enrolled. Serum TLR9 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.

The mean TLR9 concentration was significantly lower in T2DM patients (173.75 ± 8.52 ng/mL) compared to healthy controls (270.79 ± 20.61 ng/mL) (P < 0.00001). When analyzed by gender, male diabetic patients had higher levels than females (189.09 ± 11.45 vs. 159.09 ± 12.03 ng/mL, P = 0.0391). However, both sexes in the diabetic group had significantly lower levels compared to the healthy group. No significant difference was observed between males and females in the control group.

These findings suggest that reduced serum TLR9 levels are associated with T2DM and may reflect an immune-inflammatory imbalance that contributes to disease pathogenesis.

Kashmer, S. D. S., & Ahmed, I. H. (2025). Evaluation of Serum Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Levels Among Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Pediatrics and Genetics , 3(6), 74–76. Retrieved from https://medicaljournals.eu/index.php/IJPG/article/view/1932

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International Journal of Pediatrics and Genetics

Evaluation of Serum Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Levels Among Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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