Exploring the Impact of MRI on Bones and Joints Evaluation
Keywords:
Ankle joint and foot pathology, MRI Technique, Symptoms, A questionnaire health quality of lifeAbstract
Background: The most popular kind of musculoskeletal injury, trauma, accounts for around 12% of all visits. Ankle and rear foot injuries are placed at the top of the list.
Aim: This current study aimed to assess and enroll clinical outcomes of the MRI's accuracy in identifying ankle and foot pathologies.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 78 patients with ankle and foot injuries. All patients were referred to the Diagnostic and Radiological Imaging Department Basra – Iraq hospitals during the follow-up period between February 2023 and February 2024. Patients' ages ranged from 20 to 60 years. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients consented to the diagnostic procedure. Clinical outcomes were evaluated after the MRI procedure, as well as quality of life, to determine the impact of MRI on the assessment of ankle and foot joints during the follow-up period.
Results: In the present study, a total of 61 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 51 (83.6%) were male and 27 (44.3%) were female, thereby indicating a predominance of males in the study population. The prevalence of acute pain was reported by 57.69% of the subjects, while chronic pain was noted by 42.31%. The observed injuries were categorized as follows: ligament injury (38.46%), tendon injury (15.38%), bone injury (20.51%), and joint effusion (25.64%). The most prevalent pathology types were trauma and infection, accounting for 51.28% and 21.79% of the patients, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was determined to be highly sensitive (91.12%), highly specific (89.64%), and highly accurate (96.40%).
Conclusion: Our study revealed that magnetic resonance imaging used improves evaluation of the ankle and the foot joint, particularly when it comes to diagnosing and managing musculoskeletal conditions.
References
Masala S, Fiori R, Marinetti A, Uccioli L, Giurato L, Simonetti G. Imaging the ankle and foot and using magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2003; 2:217–232.
Nierhoff CE, Ludwig K. Magnetic resonance imaging of the ankle. Radiologe 2006; 46:1005–1008.
Schepsis AA, Jones H, Haas AL. Achilles tendon disorders in athletes. Am J Sports Med 2002; 30:287–305.
Collins MS. Imaging evaluation of chronic ankle and hindfoot pain in athletes. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2008; 16:39–58.
Siriwanarangsun P, Bae WC, Statum S, Chung CB. Advanced MRI techniques for the ankle. Am J Roentgenol 2017; 209:511–524.
Campbell SE, Warner M. MR imaging of ankle inversion injuries. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2008; 16:1–8.
Robinson P, White LM. Soft tissue and osseous impingement syndromes of the ankle: role of imaging in diagnosis and management. Radiographics 2002; 22:1457–1469.
Sharma UK, Dhungel K, Pokhrel D, Tamang S, Parajuli NP. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of musculoskeletal diseases of ankle and foot. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2018; 16:28–34.
Kaushik S. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of unusual causes of ankle pain. Australas Radiol 2006; 50:1–11.
Hertel J. Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. J Athl Train 2002; 37:364.
Pierre Jerome C, Moncayo V, Terk MR. MRI of the Achilles tendon: a comprehensive review of the anatomy, biomechanics, and imaging of overuse tendinopathies. Acta Radiol 2010; 51:438–454.
Corazza F, Stagni R, Parenti Castelli V, Leardini A. Articular contact at the tibiotalar joint in passive flexion. J Biomech 2005; 38:1205–1212.
Fredericson M, Jennings F, Beaulieu C, Matheson GO. Stress fractures in athletes. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2006; 17:309–325.
Welck MJ, Hayes T, Pastides P, Khan W, Rudge B. Stress fractures of the foot and ankle. Injury 2017; 48:1722–1726.
Narváez JA, Cerezal L, Narváez J. MRI of sports-related injuries of the foot and ankle: part 1. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2003; 32:139–155.
Agaja S, Ayorinde R. Chronic osteomyelitis in Ilorin, Nigeria. S Afr J Surg 2008;46:4.
Bencardino JT, Rosenberg ZS, Younger AS, Pohl M. Ankle. In magnetic resonance imaging in orthopedic sports medicine. New York, NY: Springer; 2008, 367–425.
Barg A, Pagenstert GI, Hügle T, Gloyer M, Wiewiorski M, Henninger HB, Valderrabano V. Ankle osteoarthritis: etiology, diagnostics, and classification. Foot Ankle Clin 2013; 18:411–426.
Valderrabano V, Horisberger M, Russell I, Dougall H, Hintermann B. Etiology of ankle osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2009; 467:1800.
Lawrence DA, Rolen MF, Morshed KA, Moukaddam H. MRI of heel pain. Am J Roentgenol 2013; 200:845–855.
Bureau NJ, Cardinal E, Hobden R, Aubin B. Posterior ankle impingement syndrome: MR imaging findings in seven patients. Radiology 2000; 215:497–503.
Duncan D, Mologne T, Hildebrand H, Stanley M, Schreckengaust R, Sitler D. The usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of anterolateral impingement of the ankle. J Foot Ankle Surg 2006; 45:304–307.
Struk DW, Munk PL, Lee MJ, Ho SG, Worsley DF. Imaging of soft tissue infections. Radiol Clin North Am 2001; 39:277–303.
Khanna, A. J., Cosgarea, A. J., Mont, M. A., Andres, B. M., Domb, B. G., Evans, P. J., ... & Frassica, F. J. (2001). Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee: Current techniques and spectrum of disease. JBJS, 83 (2), S128-141.
Khanna, A. J., Carbone, J. J., Kebaish, K. M., Cohen, D. B., Riley III, L. H., Wasserman, B. A., & Kostuik, J. P. (2002). Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine: current techniques and spectrum of disease. JBJS, 84 (suppl_2), S70- S80.
Chen, C. A., Chen, W., Goodman, S. B., Hargreaves, B. A., Koch, K. M., Lu, W., ... & Gold, G. E. (2011). New MR imaging methods for metallic implants in the knee: artifact correction and clinical impact. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 33 (5), 1121-1127.
Toumi, H., Larguech, G., Cherief, M., Batakis, A., Hambli, R., Jennane, R., ... & Lespessailles, E. (2016). Implications of the calf musculature and Achilles tendon architectures for understanding the site of injury. Journal of biomechanics, 49 (7), 1180-1185.
Krepkin, K., Bruno, M., Raya, J. G., Adler, R. S., & Gyftopoulos, S. (2017). Quantitative assessment of the supraspinatus tendon on MRI using T2/T2* mapping and shear-wave ultrasound elastography: a pilot study. Skeletal radiology, 46 (2), 191-199.
Gärdin, A., Rasinski, P., Berglund, J., Shalabi, A., Schulte, H., & Brismar, T. B. (2016). T2* relaxation time in Achilles tendinosis and controls and its correlation with the clinical score. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 43 (6), 1417-1422.
Elgohary M, Abdul Rahim S, Ibrahim T (2017): Role of MRI in Evaluation of Traumatic Ankle Injuries. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 69 (3): 2016– 24.
Sawant Y, Sanghvi D (2018): Magnetic resonance imaging of ankle ligaments: A pictorial essay. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 28: 419–26.
