Malaria Prevention and Control Practices among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomosho North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

Introduction: Pregnant women are among the most vulnerable groups to infectious diseases due to weakened immunity during pregnancy. The risk of malaria infection during pregnancy poses serious health threats to both the mother and the unborn child, leading to complications such as anemia, low birth weight, and stillbirth. Despite various malaria control interventions in Nigeria, the level of knowledge and adoption of preventive measures among pregnant women remains a concern.

Objective: This study assessed malaria prevention and control practices among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Method of Analysis: A descriptive research design was employed, with a sample size of 150 pregnant women selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was reviewed for validity and reliability. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were used to analyze socio-demographic characteristics and malaria prevention practices. Inferential statistics, specifically Chi-square analysis, were used to determine associations between socio-demographic factors and malaria prevention strategies. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, with findings presented in tables and charts.

Results: The study found that 86% of respondents were aware of malaria prevention strategies, with 72% identifying insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) as an effective measure. However, only 58% reported consistent use of ITNs. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) was recognized by 67% of the participants, yet adherence to the recommended dosage was 49%. Socio-economic factors influenced malaria prevention practices, with educational level significantly associated with ITN usage (p < 0.05). Women with higher education were more likely to adopt preventive measures compared to those with lower education levels.

Conclusion: While pregnant women attending LAUTECH Teaching Hospital demonstrate good awareness of malaria prevention measures, gaps in consistent utilization persist. Strengthening antenatal education programs, improving access to ITNs and IPTp, and addressing socio-economic barriers are crucial to enhancing malaria control efforts. Further research on the impact of emerging malaria vaccines on maternal health is recommended.