Epidemiological Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance

Abstract

Oral microbiome antibiotic resistance presents major health problems globally, especially in poorer nations. The potential for the mouth cavity to act as a reservoir for resistant bacteria as a result of its frequent exposure to antibiotics poses a challenge to public health initiatives. A global problem that contributes to high morbidity and death in clinical settings is antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria's multidrug resistance patterns have led to infections that are challenging or even impossible to cure with traditional antimicrobials. Broad range antibiotics are used extensively and mostly unnecessary since many healthcare facilities lack the ability to identify the underlying bacteria and their patterns of antibiotic sensitivity in patients with bacteremia and other serious infections. When combined with inadequate infection control measures, this approach has led to a sharp rise in developing resistance, which makes it simple for resistant germs to spread to other patients and the environment. Therefore, having access to current epidemiological data on antibiotic resistance in commonly encountered bacterial infections will be helpful in developing an efficient antimicrobial stewardship program in hospitals as well as in choosing empirical treatment approaches.