Hormonal Imbalance in Overweight Individuals: Causes, Effects, and Solutions
Keywords:
overweight, obesity, hormonos, leptin, ghrelin, cortisol, estrogen, thyroid hormonesAbstract
Overweight and obesity are complex health conditions influenced by various physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Among the most critical yet often overlooked contributors is hormonal imbalance, which not only plays a role in weight gain but is also exacerbated by excess body fat. This article explores the bidirectional relationship between excess weight and endocrine disruption, focusing on key hormones such as insulin, leptin, ghrelin, cortisol, thyroid hormones, estrogen, and testosterone.
References
1. Lustig, R. H. (2006). Childhood obesity: behavioral aberration or biochemical drive? Reinterpreting the first law of thermodynamics. Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism
2. Pasquali, R. (2006). Obesity and androgens: facts and perspectives. Fertility and Sterility
3. Rosenbaum, M., & Leibel, R. L. (2010). Adaptive thermogenesis in humans. International Journal of Obesity
4. Mayo Clinic: Hormonal Imbalance Overview (2024)
5. NIH: Hormones and Weight Gain (2023)
