Analysis of the Association between Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Insulin Resistance
Keywords:
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Insulin Resistance, Homa-Ir IndexAbstract
According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, abnormal uterine bleeding ranged from 3% to 30% internationally, where the endocrine cause is the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, accounting for up to 50% of cases, and 20% of this is related to amenorrhea, the most observed endocrine pattern being insulin resistance, which occurs in most patients diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding. This study aimed to 1) evaluate the outcomes of women who were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding in comparison with the control group and to 2) investigate the association between abnormal uterine bleeding and insulin resistance of the patients who participated in this study.
Based on the study's goal, a cross-sectional study was performed on 200 women who were referral to Thi Qar-Iraq hospitals during a 12-month period, ranging from April 2024 to April 2025. Women's data were classified into two groups, including 100 samples with abnormal uterine bleeding and 100 samples who presented as the control group (regular menstrual cycles). As well as we also evaluated insulin resistance in participants through the HOMA-IR index in correlation with fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profile, as well as hormonal assays.
To compare with the control group, our study showed a rise in insulin resistance with a 4.0 ± 1.8 HOMA-IR Index, total cholesterol of 198 ± 32 mg/dL, triglycerides of 145 ± 58 mg/dL, LH of 8.5 ± 4.1 IU/L, FSH of 6.8 ± 2.3 IU/L, LH/FSH ratio of 1.3 ± 0.6, and total testosterone of 48.5 ± 18.2 ng/dL and a drop in HDL-C of 48 ± 9 mg/dL in a group of women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
In conclusion, our outcomes indicate that women with abnormal uterine bleeding have a positive association with high insulin resistance, LH/FSH ratio, and total testosterone in comparison with women in the control group.
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