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Genetic, Anatomical, and Functional Factors in the Formation of Retention of the Upper Teeth and Cutters

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Integrative and Modern Medicine:

Elmurodova Gulira'no Zokirjon kizi (1), Ahrorova Malika Shavkatovna (2)

(1) Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
(2) Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
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Abstract:

Retention of the upper canines and incisors is a complex multifactorial pathology of the dentoalveolar system, characterized by a disruption of the physiological eruption of teeth at normal stages of their formation and development. According to modern research, the frequency of upper molars retention varies from 0.8% to 2.8% in the population, while upper molars retention occurs in 0.1-0.8% of cases. The canines of the upper jaw have the longest eruption pathway among all permanent teeth, making them the most vulnerable to retention. The eruption of the upper canines occurs at the age of 11-13, with their nuclei forming high in the alveolar process, close to the pear-shaped aperture, and during development, they undergo complex migration to the final location in the dental arch.

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