OBESITY AND HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Obesity in children ranks first in frequency among metabolic diseases and is a severe, progressive disease with an unfavorable prognosis (Dedov I.I. et al., 2007; Kartelishev A.V., Rumyantsev A.G., 2010; Kon I Y. et al., 2011; Cattaneo A. I. et al., 2010). According to experts in developed countries, up to 25% of adolescents are overweight, and 15% are obese (De Onis M. et al., 2010). In the Russian Federation, these indicators fluctuate at the level of 8–10% with a clear upward trend and with a projected doubling of the number of patients every three decades (Kon I.Ya. et al., 2011). Of particular concern is the rise in obesity in younger age groups. According to WHO, 42 million infants and young children (0 - 5 years old) are overweight or obese (WHO, 2015), with a high incidence of metabolic disorders and related diseases already in preschool age (E.V. Pavlovskaya et al. , 2013). Obesity is associated with comorbid conditions that determine the quality of life and its duration (M. Neef et al., 2013; E.R. Pulgaron, A.M. Delamater, 2014; L.A. Nielsen et al., 2015).