Modern Concepts about the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is one of the most common gynecological disorders, affecting 5-20% of young women worldwide across different ethnic groups and races and is often the cause of infertility, miscarriage, and complications during pregnancy. pregnancy and childbirth. PCOS is a polysymptomatic disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual dysfunction, impaired production of female sex hormones and cystic changes in the ovaries on ultrasound. At the same time, PCOS is a metabolic disorder. The role of insulin resistance in the development of this condition has been proven. As a result, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are of interest not only for gynecologists, but also for endocrinologists, cardiologists and other doctors, since PCOS is a serious problem associated with obesity, increased risks of endometrial adenocarcinoma, hypertension and cardiovascular complications, diabetes mellitus Type 2 and other serious consequences. Today, many researchers from different countries are actively studying the mechanisms of the formation of PCOS. Our article provides an overview of scientific sources devoted to the problem of polycystic ovary syndrome, highlights modern ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease, characteristic clinical manifestations and modern approaches to the diagnosis of PCOS.