Clinic for Children and Adolescents with Diseases of the Temporomandibular Joint System

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology in children and adolescents is influenced by genetic defects affecting bone tissue and its remodeling process. This study explores the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in TMJ dysfunction, focusing on MMP-1 and MMP-9 as markers of collagen breakdown. The research involved 103 children and adolescents diagnosed with TMJ pathology, examining their biochemical parameters, including C-reactive protein levels and oxidative stress markers. Biometric, photometric, and radiographic analyses were conducted to assess occlusal anomalies and TMJ dysfunction severity. The study revealed that children with TMJ dysfunction exhibited increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 levels, indicating enhanced collagen degradation. A comprehensive treatment approach incorporating orthodontic interventions and systemic therapy (Wobenzyme and Omega 3-6-9) significantly reduced MMP-1 and MMP-9 levels by 44% and 24%, respectively. Additionally, antioxidant depletion and intensified lipid peroxidation processes were observed, contributing to systemic inflammation. The findings suggest that TMJ pathology involves structural and metabolic alterations in connective tissues, emphasizing the need for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The study highlights the effectiveness of complex therapy in reducing inflammatory markers and improving TMJ function, underscoring the potential for early biochemical assessment in clinical decision-making for pediatric TMJ disorders.