Congenital Heart Disease in Infants of Diabetic Mothers

Abstract

Women with diabetes in pregnancy (type 1, type 2, and gestational) are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes with higher fetal and neonatal mortality rate. The risk of congenital anomalies increased in infants of diabetic mothers with over -presentation of congenital heart defects. The aim of our study is to detect congenital heart disease in infants of diabetic mothers. A cross sectional study was carried out among sample of infants of diabetic mothers in Al- Zahraa teaching hospital at period from first of February to first of November, 2023. Information was gathered according to data collection sheet that included: name, age (gestational and postnatal), sex, mode of delivery, type of diabetes mellitus (type 1, 2, and gestational), maternal compliance to treatment, and other symptoms like macrosomia (body weight more than 4 kg), hypoglycemia, and hypocalcemia. Data have been obtained by standard laboratory procedures including random blood sugar, serum calcium, and echo study. A total of 80 infants were enrolled in this study between 1 to 40 days of age with mean age of 6.7 days, 43 were males and 37 were females. The percentage of congenital heart disease was 27.5% with a percentage of 27.9%, 27.09 in males and females respectively. The statistically significant difference in this study was between (macrosomia, advanced maternal age, low mean random blood sugar, low mean serum calcium) and abnormal echocardiographic.