APLASTIC ANEMIA: ORIGINS, DIAGNOSIS, AND MODERN CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC METHODS

Etiology Clinical manifestations Diagnostics Treatment

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March 18, 2025

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Aplastic anemia is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by loss of hematopoietic progenitors, bone marrow hypoplasia or aplasia, and cytopenias of 2 or more cell lineages (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and/or platelets). Symptoms result from the development of anemia, thrombocytopenia (petechiae, bleeding), or leukopenia (infection). Diagnosis is based on the detection of pancytopenia and bone marrow hypocellularity in the peripheral blood during bone marrow biopsy. Treatment usually includes immunosuppression with equine antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine or bone marrow transplantation.

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