CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN THE PRACTICE OF WORKING WITH ADDICTIONS (ALCOHOL, DRUGS, GAMBLING)

The topic of addictions in modern society is becoming increasingly relevant, given the growing number of cases of alcoholism, drug addiction and gambling addiction. These forms of addictive behavior have a destructive effect on both the personality of the individual and his social environment. The article discusses the key aspects of clinical psychology in working with addicted patients. Particular attention is paid to the psychological mechanisms of formation and maintenance of addiction, including impaired self-regulation, motivational deficiencies, features of the cognitive sphere and personality structure. Modern approaches to the diagnosis and correction of addictions are described, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational counseling, the Gestalt approach, as well as the role of family therapy in the rehabilitation process. The author emphasizes the importance of including a clinical psychologist in an interdisciplinary team of specialists and the need for individualization of psychotherapeutic programs. The article is aimed at substantiating the need for a comprehensive, psychologically oriented approach to the treatment of addictions and reveals the potential of clinical psychology as an important link in the system of prevention and rehabilitation of addictive behavior.