Epidemiological and Clinical Patterns of Penetrating Abdominal Trauma: A Retrospective Analysis of 100 Cases

Background: Penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. This study examines the demographic characteristics, injury mechanisms, and patterns of organ involvement in patients with PAT.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive PAT cases presenting to a private hospital in Baghdad city between 2022-2024. Data on age, gender, injury mechanism, and injured organs were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The majority of patients (50%) were aged 20-40 years, with males comprising 85% of cases. Stab wounds accounted for 60% of injuries, followed by gunshot wounds (30%). The small bowel was most frequently injured (40%), while the gallbladder showed the lowest injury rate (1%).

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that PAT predominantly affects young males, with stab wounds being the most common mechanism. These results highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies and optimized trauma protocols for this high-risk population.