Abstract:

According to UN estimates, disabled people make up 10% of the world's population, which gives rise to a number of ethical, social and economic problems, the level of solution of which is one of the most important characteristics of modern society. The structure of childhood disabilities is dominated by diseases of the nervous system - 19.5%, mental disorders - 14.3% and congenital anomalies of development-21%. In 60% of cases, childhood neurological disability is associated with pathology of the perinatal period, while 24% are patients with cerebral palsy. In the world every third child has various neuropsychiatric disorders, 80% of which are caused by perinatal factors, which determines the high social significance of this problem.