Abstract:

Acute leukemias are the most common group of malignant neoplasms in children, accounting for up to 30-35% of all oncological diseases in the pediatric population. Every year, around 50,000 new cases of acute leukemia are diagnosed in children worldwide, with acute lymphocytic leukemia occurring in 80-85% of cases and acute myeloblastic leukemia in 15-20%. Modern chemotherapeutic treatment protocols have allowed achieving a five-year survival rate exceeding 85% in acute lymphocytic leukemia and 60-70% in acute myeloblastic leukemia, representing significant progress in pediatric oncohematology.