Analysis of the Structure of Injuries Among Victims of Road Accidents in the Khorezm Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Keywords:
road traffic injuries, human factor, driver age, driver gender, driving experience, accident causes, pedestrians, behavioral risk factorsAbstract
Road traffic injuries remain one of the leading causes of premature mortality and disability, and human error is considered the primary source of manageable risk in the structure of road accidents. Driver socio-demographic characteristics, insufficient experience, lack of a driver's license, as well as behavioral violations, including speeding, dangerous overtaking, and failure to comply with traffic rules, largely determine both the likelihood of an accident and the severity of its consequences.
To study the influence of socio-demographic and behavioral factors on the development of road traffic injuries and the severity of their consequences.
A comparative epidemiological study was conducted based on official statistical data on road accidents for 2024–2025. Indicators characterizing the age and gender of drivers, driving experience, the presence or absence of a driver's license, the main causes of accidents, and the distribution of accidents by type of road user were analyzed. Descriptive and comparative statistical methods were used to calculate absolute and relative indicators, rates of change, fatality rates, injury rates, and overall accident severity. Statistical significance of differences was assessed at p<0.05.
It was established that the human factor in the structure of road traffic injuries is multifaceted. The highest accident rate remained among young drivers, but the most pronounced increase in mortality was also observed in several middle-aged and older age groups. Men accounted for the majority of serious accidents and fatalities. The most unfavorable situation was found among individuals without a driver's license: in this group, both the frequency of accidents and the severity of their consequences increased simultaneously. An analysis of the causes revealed the leading role of behavioral violations—speeding, dangerous overtaking, violating signals and road signs, as well as a combination of other disciplinary errors. It has been established that the human factor is realized not only through the driver but also through the participation of pedestrians and other vulnerable road users, among whom a significant increase in fatalities has been noted.
The human factor is the leading determinant of road traffic injuries and defines the key mechanisms underlying severe and fatal road accidents. Its structure includes socio-demographic characteristics, driving experience, legal status of participation in road traffic, and specific behavioral disorders. The obtained results substantiate the need for comprehensive prevention focused on manageable risk components: illegal driving, age-specific groups, and behavioral disorders of drivers and pedestrians.
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