THE ADVANTAGE OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACCESSES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF VARIOUS DISEASES OF THE THORACIC ORGANS

Abstract

Minimally invasive thoracic surgery (MITS) represents a significant advancement in the management of diseases affecting thoracic organs, including the lungs, pleura, esophagus, and mediastinum. This article provides a comprehensive review of the multifaceted advantages of MITS over traditional open surgical techniques, emphasizing its impact on surgical trauma, patient outcomes, and recovery processes. MITS techniques, such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robotic-assisted surgery, enable surgeons to perform complex procedures with smaller incisions, leading to reduced postoperative pain and quicker recovery times.

Research indicates that MITS is associated with shorter hospital stays, lower complication rates, and improved pulmonary function, particularly beneficial for patients with pre-existing respiratory conditions. Enhanced visualization and precision provided by advanced imaging technologies allow for better identification and preservation of critical structures during surgery. Furthermore, patient satisfaction is notably higher in those undergoing minimally invasive procedures, attributed to less pain, improved cosmetic outcomes, and expedited return to normal activities.

Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of MITS is becoming increasingly recognized, with studies suggesting that reduced hospital resources and complications may offset the higher initial costs of advanced technologies. As minimally invasive techniques continue to evolve, they are expected to play an increasingly vital role in the treatment of various thoracic diseases, further improving the overall quality of care. This article aims to synthesize current evidence and highlight the transformative impact of minimally invasive approaches in thoracic surgery.