Assessment of Morphometric and Functional Parameters of the Facial Part of the Upper jaw in Children During the Period of Replacement Bite

This study focuses on the assessment of morphometric and functional parameters of the facial part of the upper jaw in children aged 7–9 during the mixed dentition period. Using H.G. Gerlach’s method, the length of the lateral segment, the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of tooth crowns, and the modulus of the first permanent molars were measured. Comparative analyses were carried out among children with normodont, microdont, and macrodont dental systems. The findings revealed a direct correlation between lateral segment length and tooth size, and for the first time, a method was proposed for determining the dental system type based on the average modulus of the first four molars. The results have practical significance for orthodontic diagnostics, prediction of chewing segment pathologies, and selection of treatment strategies.