Evaluation of Reproductive Dysfunction in Women with Hypothyroid Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31149/ijimm.v4i4.2819Keywords:
infertility, uterine hypoplasia, ovarian hypoplasia, hypothyroidism, reproductive dysfunction, follicular reserve, ovulatory disorders, hormonal imbalance, FSH deficiency, ovarian follicular apparatus, menstrual irregularities, endocrine disorders, ultrasound findings, multifollicular ovaries, female reproductive healthAbstract
This study examined changes to the reproductive systems of women of childbearing age with a history of hypothyroidism, using comprehensive hormonal and instrumental assessments. The findings suggest that hypothyroidism is associated with significant functional and structural changes within the reproductive axis.
Specifically, women with hypothyroidism exhibited altered receptor sensitivity in the ovarian follicular apparatus, resulting in diminished ovarian reserve compared to the control group. This reduction indicates impaired folliculogenesis and reduced fertility. Furthermore, decreased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were observed, which likely contributes to disruptions in normal ovulatory mechanisms, including irregular follicular maturation and anovulation.Ultrasonography revealed notable morphological abnormalities of the reproductive organs. Uterine hypoplasia, which indicates delayed or insufficient uterine development, was identified in 49% of patients. Additionally, multifollicular ovarian morphology was observed in 35% of the examined women, which may reflect dysregulation of follicular development. Furthermore, ovarian hypoplasia was diagnosed in 21% of patients, providing additional evidence of structural and functional impairment of the gonads. Overall, these results emphasise the significant impact of hypothyroidism on female reproductive health, affecting both endocrine regulation and morphological development. They highlight the importance of early diagnosis and prompt hormonal treatment in women with thyroid dysfunction to prevent long-term reproductive complications and improve fertility outcomes.
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