Assessing the Clinical Efficacy of MTA in Vital Pulp Therapy

Background: The direct pulp coating represents an alternative treatment to pulpectomy, which depends, among other aspects, on the ability of the pulp to regenerate. The materials used have the objective of treating the pulp with cauterisation in order to cause healing and regeneration of the pulp tissue. In order to promote healing and avoid infection, either calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate is placed directly on the exposed pulp. Patients and methods: A total of 78 patients suffering from caries were included in the study. The data was collected from private clinics in Baghdad, Iraq, between February 14, 2022, and October 27, 2023. All patients underwent direct pulp capping (MTA), which included patients between the ages of 20 and 50. They underwent a routine examination at both recall visits. This study recorded the success and failure rates of the procedure, determined the degrees of pain and inflammation and the complication rate, and distributed these findings to the patients. Results: Our results showed that patients with age less than 30 years were the highest class of total cases, which included 34 patients, where males had 44 cases and females had 34 cases; the common symptoms were toothache with 23 cases and sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures with 20 cases, smokers had 34 cases, tooth type included each of anterior with 12 cases, premolar with 20 cases, and molar with 46 cases, premolar with 20 cases and molar with 46 cases, tooth location was in each of maxilla with 50 cases and mandibula with 28 cases, site of exposure had cervical with 44 cases and occlusal with 34 cases, classify degree of pulpitis severity into mild with 35 cases, moderate with 26 cases and severe with 17 cases. In a period of 6 months, results recorded success rates with 58 cases and failure with 20 cases, while success rates with 71 cases and failure with 7 cases after one year. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that direct pulp capping with MTA is an efficacious procedure for the treatment of caries patients, with a 90% success rate and the promotion of dentin bridge formation.