Modern Methods of Laboratory Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases
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Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of chronic disorders
characterized by loss of immunological tolerance and the development of immune responses directed
against self-antigens. Accurate and timely laboratory diagnostics play a pivotal role in early detection,
differential diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Recent advances
in
laboratory
immunology, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, indirect
immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, multiplex immunoassays, flow cytometry, and molecular
genetic approaches, have significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and patient stratification.
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